EIP Summaries
Plain-language summaries of each Glamsterdam gas repricing EIP organized by inclusion status. Status data sourced from Forkcast.
These EIPs are under active consideration and may be included.
Compute Gas Cost Increase
Increases gas costs for compute-heavy operations to reflect computational complexity and enable higher throughput.
State-access gas cost update
Raises gas costs for state-access ops to reflect Ethereum's larger state.
State Creation Gas Cost Increase
Increases state creation costs (CREATE/CREATE2, account creation, storage set, EIP-7702 auth) to mitigate state growth. Costs scale with gas limit using cost_per_state_byte formula.
Reduce intrinsic transaction gas; charge 25k when a value transfer creates a new account
Reduces intrinsic tx gas (78% reduction) and charges 25k when value transfer creates a new account, aligning incentives across tx types.
Exclude refunds from block gas accounting
Prevents block gas limit circumvention by excluding refunds from block gas accounting for safer block sizing. No opcode repricing.
Increase calldata floor cost to 15/60 gas per byte
Raises the calldata floor cost to reduce maximum block size and bandwidth pressure. Most EVM-heavy transactions (DeFi, token transfers) are unaffected.
Introduce floor pricing for access lists
Adds floor pricing for access lists to reduce max block size and bandwidth risk.
These EIPs were proposed but declined for this upgrade cycle. They may be reconsidered for future upgrades.
Linearize Memory Costing with page-based model
Replaces the quadratic memory cost model with a linear page-based model.
Decrease costs for TLOAD and TSTORE with tx-global limit
Reduces costs for transient storage ops with transaction-global limits.
Gas accounting by EVM resource
Introduces per-resource gas accounting to improve throughput and control resource usage.
Scale SSTORE gas cost with contract storage size
Makes SSTORE gas cost scale with a contract's storage size to discourage state bloat.
Add milli-gas as the EVM internal unit
Adds milli-gas accounting to reduce rounding errors without changing UX.
Multi-block temporal locality discounts
Introduces temporal locality discounts for state/account access across blocks.
Reduce gas for deploying duplicate contract bytecode via access lists
Lowers deployment cost for duplicate bytecode using access-list mechanisms.
Increase gas parameters by REBASE_FACTOR to reduce rounding errors
Scales gas parameters/variables by REBASE_FACTOR to reduce rounding errors without major UX change.
Introduce code-chunking in an MPT context
Introduces code-chunking to improve state handling within the Merkle Patricia Trie. Declined in favor of Verkle-based approaches.
Linear EVM memory limits
Adjusts memory and gas limits in sub-calls to establish a clear linear bound on total memory consumption during EVM execution. Relevant but not proposed for Glamsterdam.
Warm Account Write Metering
Introduces warm metering for account writes, reducing the cost of writing to an account after the first write within a transaction. Relevant but not proposed for Glamsterdam.